The slag generated during plasma cutting is affected by multiple parameters, including torch speed, current intensity, oxygen flow, and properties of the cutting material.
1. Cutting torch speed: When the cutting torch speed is too slow, the forward jet arc of the cutting torch will form bubbly metal deposits at the bottom of the cutting gap, that is, slow slag, which is difficult to remove. Conversely, if the torch speed is too fast, the torch arc will lag, causing rapid slag formation. In order to reduce the slag hanging phenomenon, the cutting speed needs to be reduced.
2. Current intensity: Current intensity has a direct impact on the plasma cutting process. When the current intensity is too high, the temperature of the plasma arc of the cutting torch increases, which may lead to increased oxidation of the cutting section and increased slag production. Therefore, it is necessary to select the appropriate current intensity according to the nature and thickness of the cutting material.
3. Oxygen flow: Oxygen plays a role in cooling and blowing away slag during plasma cutting. If the oxygen flow rate is insufficient, the slag cannot be effectively blown away, resulting in slag hanging. Therefore, it is necessary to select an appropriate oxygen flow rate according to the nature and thickness of the cutting material.
4. Properties of cutting materials: Different materials have different properties such as thermal conductivity, melting point, and thermal response to plasma arc. These factors will affect the generation and adhesion of slag during the cutting process. For example, low carbon steel is relatively difficult to cut because it has poor thermal conductivity and is prone to slag.
To sum up, in order to reduce the slag generated during plasma cutting, it is necessary to comprehensively consider multiple factors such as torch speed, current intensity, oxygen flow, and the nature of the cutting material, and select appropriate parameters for cutting.